doi.eso.org

• GRAVITY Collaboration
• Abuter, Roberto [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Accardo, Matteo [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Adler, Tobias [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Amorim, António [CENTRA and Universidade de Lisboa − Faculdade de Ciências, Lisboa, Portugal]
• Anugu, Narsireddy [CENTRA and Universidade do Porto – Faculdade de Engenharia, Porto, Portugal; Steward Observatory, Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA; University of Exeter, School of Physics and Astronomy, Exeter, UK]
• Ávila, Gerardo [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Bauböck, Michi [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Benisty, Myriam [Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France; Unidad Mixta Internacional Franco- Chilena de Astronomía (CNRS UMI 3386), Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile]
• Berger, Jean-Philippe [Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France]
• Bestenlehner, Joachim M. [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, UK]
• Beust, Hervé [Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France]
• Blind, Nicolas [Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, Versoix, Switzerland]
• Bonnefoy, Mickaël [Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France]
• Bonnet, Henri [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Bourget, Pierre [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Bouvier, Jérôme [Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France]
• Brandner, Wolfgang [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Brast, Roland [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Buron, Alexander [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Burtscher, Leonard [Sterrewacht Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands]
• Cantalloube, Faustine [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Caratti o Garatti, Alessio [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany; Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Dublin, Ireland]
• Caselli, Paola [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Cassaing, Frédéric [DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris- Saclay, Châtillon, France]
• Chapron, Frédéric [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Charnay, Benjamin [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Choquet, Élodie [Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM, France]
• Clénet, Yann [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Collin, Claude [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Coudé du Foresto, Vincent [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Davies, Ric [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Deen, Casey [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Dembet, Roderick [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Derie, Frédéric [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• de Wit, Willem-Jan [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Dexter, Jason [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• de Zeeuw, Tim [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany; Sterrewacht Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands]
• Dougados, Catherine [Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France]
• Dubus, Guillaume [Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France]
• Duvert, Gilles [Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France]
• Ebert, Monica [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Eckart, Andreas [I Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Bonn, Germany]
• Eisenhauer, Frank [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Esselborn, Michael [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Eupen, Fabio [I Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Germany]
• Fédou, Pierre [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Ferreira, Miguel C. [CENTRA and Universidade de Lisboa − Faculdade de Ciências, Lisboa, Portugal]
• Finger, Gert [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Förster Schreiber, Natascha M. [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Gao, Feng [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• García Dabó, César Enrique [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Garcia Lopez, Rebeca [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany; Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Dublin, Ireland]
• Garcia, Paulo J. V. [CENTRA and Universidade do Porto – Faculdade de Engenharia, Porto, Portugal]
• Gendron, Éric [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Genzel, Reinhard [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany; Department of Physics, Le Conte Hall, University of California, Berkeley, USA]
• Gerhard, Ortwin [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Gil, Juan Pablo [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Gillessen, Stefan [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Gonté, Frédéric [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Gordo, Paulo [CENTRA and Universidade de Lisboa − Faculdade de Ciências, Lisboa, Portugal]
• Gratadour, Damien [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Greenbaum, Alexandra [University of Michigan Department of Astronomy, Ann Arbor, USA]
• Grellmann, Rebekka [I Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Germany]
• Grözinger, Ulrich [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Guajardo, Patricia [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Guieu, Sylvain [Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France]
• Habibi, Maryam [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Haguenauer, Pierre [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Hans, Oliver [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Haubois, Xavier [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Haug, Marcus [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Haußmann, Frank [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Henning, Thomas [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Hippler, Stefan [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Hönig, Sebastian F. [School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Southampton, UK]
• Horrobin, Matthew [I Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Germany]
• Huber, Armin [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Hubert, Zoltan [Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France]
• Hubin, Norbert [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Hummel, Christian A. [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Jakob, Gerd [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Janssen, Annemieke [NOVA Optical Infrared Instrumentation Group at ASTRON, Dwingeloo, the Netherlands]
• Jimenez Rosales, Alejandra [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Jochum, Lieselotte [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Jocou, Laurent [Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France]
• Kammerer, Jens [European Southern Observatory (ESO); Research School of Astronomy & Astrophysics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia]
• Karl, Martina [Max Planck Institute for Physics, Munich, Germany; TUM Department of Physics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany]
• Kaufer, Andreas [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Kellner, Stefan [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Kendrew, Sarah [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany; European Space Agency, Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, USA]
• Kern, Lothar [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Kervella, Pierre [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Kiekebusch, Mario [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Kishimoto, Makoto [Kyoto Sangyo University, Department of Astrophysics and Atmospheric Sciences, Japan]
• Klarmann, Lucia [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Klein, Ralf [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Köhler, Rainer [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Kok, Yitping [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Kolb, Johann [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Koutoulaki, Maria [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany; ESO; Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Dublin, Ireland; School of Physics, University College Dublin, Ireland]
• Kulas, Martin [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Labadie, Lucas [I Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Germany]
• Lacour, Sylvestre [ESO; LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Lagrange, Anne-Marie [Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France]
• Lapeyrère, Vincent [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Laun, Werner [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Lazareff, Bernard [Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France]
• Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste [Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France]
• Léna, Pierre [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Lenzen, Rainer [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Lévêque, Samuel [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Lin, Chien-Cheng [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany; Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai’i, Honolulu, USA]
• Lippa, Magdalena [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Lutz, Dieter [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Magnard, Yves [Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France]
• Maire, Anne-Lise [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany; STAR Institute, Liège, Belgium]
• Mehrgan, Leander [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Mérand, Antoine [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Millour, Florentin [Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM, France]
• Mollière, Paul [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Moulin, Thibaut [Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France]
• Müller, André [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Müller, Eric [European Southern Observatory (ESO); Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Müller, Friedrich [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Netzer, Hagai [School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Israel]
• Neumann, Udo [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Nowak, Mathias [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Oberti, Sylvain [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Ott, Thomas [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Pallanca, Laurent [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Panduro, Johana [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Pasquini, Luca [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Paumard, Thibaut [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Percheron, Isabelle [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Perraut, Karine [Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France]
• Perrin, Guy [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Peterson, Bradley M. [Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, USA; Department of Astronomy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA; Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA]
• Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier [Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France]
• Pflüger, Andreas [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Pfuhl, Oliver [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Phan Duc, Than [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Pineda, Jaime E. [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Plewa, Philipp M. [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Popovic, Dan [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Pott, Jörg-Uwe [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Prieto, Almudena [Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, La Laguna, Spain]
• Pueyo, Laurent [European Space Agency, Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, USA]
• Rabien, Sebastian [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Ramírez, Andrés [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Ramos, José Ricardo [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Rau, Christian [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Ray, Tom [Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Dublin, Ireland]
• Riquelme, Miguel [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Rodríguez-Coira, Gustavo [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Rouan, Daniel [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Rousset, Gérard [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany; Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico]
• Schartmann, Marc [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany; Excellence Cluster Origins, Ludwig- Maximilians-Universität München, Garching, Germany; Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Munich, Germany]
• Scheithauer, Silvia [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• Schöller, Markus [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Schuhler, Nicolas [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Segura-Cox, Dominique [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Shangguan, Jinyi [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Shimizu, Thomas T. [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Spyromilio, Jason [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Sternberg, Amiel [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany; School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Israel]
• Stock, Matthias Raphael [TUM Department of Physics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany]
• Straub, Odele [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany; LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Straubmeier, Christian [I Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Germany]
• Sturm, Eckhard [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Suárez Valles, Marcos [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Tacconi, Linda J. [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Thi, Wing-Fai [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Tristram, Konrad R. W. [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Valenzuela, Javier J. [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• van Boekel, Roy [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany]
• van Dishoeck, Ewine F. [Sterrewacht Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands]
• Vermot, Pierre [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Vincent, Frédéric [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• von Fellenberg, Sebastiano [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Waisberg, Idel [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Wang, Jason J. [Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA]
• Wank, Imke [I Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Germany]
• Weber, Johannes [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Weigelt, Gerd [Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Bonn, Germany]
• Widmann, Felix [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Wieprecht, Ekkehard [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Wiest, Michael [I Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Germany]
• Wiezorrek, Erich [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany]
• Wittkowski, Markus [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Woillez, Julien [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Wolff, Burkhard [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]
• Yang, Pengqian [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany; Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China]
• Yazici, Senol [Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany; I Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Germany]
• Ziegler, Denis [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Meudon, France]
• Zins, Gérard [European Southern Observatory (ESO)]

The angular resolution of the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) and the excellent sensitivity of GRAVITY have led to the first detection of spatially resolved kinematics of high velocity atomic gas near an accreting super- massive black hole, revealing rotation on sub-parsec scales in the quasar 3C 273 at a distance of 550 Mpc. The observations can be explained as the result of circular orbits in a thick disc configuration around a 300 million solar mass black hole. Within an ongoing Large Programme, this capability will be used to study the kinematics of atomic gas and its relation to hot dust in a sample of quasars and Seyfert galaxies. We will measure a new radius-luminosity relation from spatially resolved data and test the current methods used to measure black hole mass in large surveys.